Clinical biochemistry tests

October 14, 2021
medical information database

 We will talk about the tests that are performed in clinical chemistry , which are also called clinical biochemistry tests .

 

 In this article , we have included the most common , and most important tests that are performed in a clinical chemistry/biochemistry lab .

 

 Clinical biochemistry tests  in lap

  1. 1) – Kidney function test
  2. 2) – Electrolytes
  3. 3) – Liver function test LFTs
  4. 4) – Test heart indicators or signs
  5. 5) – Metal Test
  6. 6) – Vitamin test
  7. 7) – Diabetes tests
  8. 8) – Tumor marker tests
  9. 9) – Hormonal checks
  10. 10) – Fat profile
  11. 11) – Uric acid
  12. 12) – C-reactive protein CRP
  13. 13) – Amylase
  14. 14) – Libes
  15. 15) – Blood gases

 

kidney function test

  • 1) –  Kidney Function Test” KFTs “:

 A kidney function test is done to check kidney function and identify kidney disease .  It is an examination of kidney function by measuring the level of creatinine or urea .

 

 These two substances are produced from the body’s metabolic processes , as they are waste products that are eliminated through the kidneys . 

 

When there is a weakness in the functions of the kidneys , their ability to remove waste products (such as creatinine) is weakened , and its level in the blood increases .

 

 The tests performed in RFTs are :

  1. A) creatinine
  2. b) – BUN (blood urea nitrogen) 
  3. c) – GFR test
  4. D) – 24-hour urine creatinine clearance test
  5. E) – urine protein
  6. f) – albumin in the urine

 

  •  2) – Electrolytes :

 This test is important in checking the level of minerals in the body , and in many other conditions , as well as in dehydration .  The tests that are performed on the electrolytes are :

 

  1.  A) – chloride
  2.  B) – sodium
  3.  C) – potassium
  4.  D) – bicarbonate

 

liver function test

  •  3) – Liver Function Test ” LFTs “:

 Liver function tests (also known as a liver panel) are blood tests that measure enzymes , proteins , and other substances made by the liver .  These tests check the general health of the liver .

 

 Different substances are often tested at the same time on a single blood sample , and the tests performed in LFTs are :

 

  1. a) – Sgpt alanine aminotransferase test (also called ALT)
  2. b) – Sgot aspartate transporter test (also called AST)
  3. c) – ALP (alkaline phosphatase) test
  4. d)- Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) test
  5. e) – bilirubin test , it includes total bilirubin , direct bilirubin , indirect bilirubin .  
  6. f) – total protein (serum protein) , albumin , globulin , and albumin/globulin A/G ratio analysis

 

  • 4) – Testing the indicators or signs of the heart :

 Cardiac sign tells us about heart disease , The tests performed on cardiac markers are :

 

  1. a) – troponin I or T
  2. b) – Creatine kinase MP (CKMB) test
  3. c) – phospho-creatine kinase (CPK)
  4. d) – hs-CRP test
  5. e) – B-type natriuretic peptide, (BNP)

 

metal test laboratory

  • 5) – Metal Test :

 A blood mineral test is a group of tests that measure levels of harmful minerals in the blood, and the tests that are performed in this are :

 

  1.  magnesium
  2.  copper
  3.  Calcium
  4.  manganese vs zinc
  5.  Iron
  6.  sulfur
  7.  iodine
  8.  selenium
  9.  molybdenum
  10.  Chromium and fluoride

 

 These are the most important minerals important in various diseases , and their deficiency can cause serious problems , so from a medical point of view these minerals are very important .

 

vitamin test in blood

  •  6) – Vitamins test :

 A vitamin test is a medical test that is used when anemia is present , or to predict a deficiency of certain vitamins based on the patient’s complaint .

Clinical biochemistry tests

 

 The multivitamin test includes :

  1. A) – carotene (beta-carotene)
  2. b) – Vitamin A
  3. c) – Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and Vitamin B12
  4. d) – Vitamin C
  5. e) – Vitamin D – 25-hydroxyvitamin
  6. f) – Vitamin E
  7. g) – Vitamin K
  8. h) – folic acid (folate)

 

 These are the most important vitamins that are important in various diseases , and their deficiency can cause serious problems , so from a medical point of view these vitamins are very important .
 

diabetes tests lap

  •  7) – Diabetes tests :

 It is a test that measures levels of sugar or glucose in the blood . A doctor may require this test to diagnose diabetes .

 

People with diabetes may also have this test to manage their condition .

 

The tests that are performed to determine the types of diabetes are :

 

  1.  a) – HbA1c test
  2. b) – RBS (random blood sugar)
  3. c) – FBS (fasting blood sugar)
  4. d) – OGTT (oral glucose tolerance) test
  5. e) – glucose tolerance test (GCT)

 

tumor tests lap

  •  8) – Tumor marker tests :

They are substances found in the human body , which are secreted at levels higher than normal in the presence of malignant (cancer) or benign tumors .

 

These markers are found in blood , urine , stool , or the tumor mass itself , where a sample of appropriate tissue is drawn for examination and analysis .

 

Most disease indicators are proteins and may be genotypes , or changes in nucleic acids as an indicator of tumor .

 

 because these substances are also secreted into healthy body cells , such as cancer cells , they cannot be relied upon only for diagnosing cancer , but it is recommended to perform laboratory and other diagnostic tests such as a biopsy of the tumor , and other tests .

 

  1. a) – AFP (alpha-fetoprotein B) test CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) test
  2. b)- Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin level analysis
  3. c) – CA 125
  4. d) – CA 15-3
  5. e) – CA 72-4
  6. f) – CA 19-9
  7. g) – CYFRA 21-1
  8. h) – PSA (prostate-specific antigen), i) NSA (neuron-specific enolase)
  9. i) – TPA antigen.
  10. j) – TPS polypeptide tissue antigen
  11. k) – HER2 / neu
  12. l) – estrogen and progesterone receptors
  13. m) – proteins, (protein S-100B)
  14. n) – thyroglobulin TG
  15. o) -Chromogranin A
  16. p) – ferritin

 

hormone lab tests

 9) – Hormonal tests :

 Hormone testing is one of the medical tests and analyzes carried out by the individual to find out their percentage in the body , and the extent of their impact on the diseases to which he is exposed .  

 

The need for hormone analysis varies according to its function , and importance , and there are many hormones that can be examined:

 

  1.  a) – TSH test
  2.  b) – triiodothyronine T3 test
  3.  c) – thyroxine T4
  4. d) – estradiol, against progesterone
  5. e) testosterone
  6. f) – insulin-like growth factor IGF-1
  7. g) – follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  8. h) – luteinizing hormone (LH)
  9. i) – prolactin
  10. j) – total estrogen
  11. k) – growth hormone
  12. l) – Sex hormone-binding globulin ” SHBG “
  13. m) – Dehydroepiandrosterone ” DHEA “
  14. n) – Fasting insulin test

 

 These are the most important hormones that are important in various diseases , and their excess and deficiency can cause serious problems , so these hormones are medically important .

 

  •  10) – lipid profile :

 The tests performed at the Lipid Profile are :

  1.  A) – cholesterol
  2.  B) – triglycerides
  3. C) – HDL (high-density lipoprotein)
  4. D) – LDL (low-density lipoprotein)

 

 Other tests that are performed in clinical chemistry or biochemistry are:

  •  11) – uric acid
  •  12) – C-reactive protein (CRP)
  •  13) – amylase
  •  14)- Libes
  •  15) – blood gases


These were the most common biochemistry tests, and if you want to open a lab, you should keep all of these tests on your list .

 

 Sources (1).

 Sources (2).

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